牛津小學英語語法歸納1
牛津小學英語語法歸納1
一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese二、一般現(xiàn)在時
1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常或習慣性的動作,也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。2.一般現(xiàn)在時中,沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句,動詞要按規(guī)則加上s,主語是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句,動詞用原形。
3.在一般現(xiàn)在時中,句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時,否定句在be動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加not,一般疑問句將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在句首。4.在一般現(xiàn)在時中,句中沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動詞前加does+not(doesn’t),一般疑問句在句首加does,句子中原有動詞用原形;主語為非第三人稱單數(shù),否定句用do+not(don’t),一般疑問句在句首加do,句子中動詞用原形。動詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:study-studies三、現(xiàn)在進行時
1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。
2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.3.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping
四、begoingto
1.begoingto表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情。
2.肯定句:begoingto+動詞原形,如:Jimisgoingtoplayfootball.否定句:benotgoingto+動詞原形,如:Jimisnotgoingtoplayfootball.一般疑問句:把be動詞調到句首,如:IsJimgoingtoplayfootball?特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be+主語+goingto+動詞原形?如:WhatisJimgoingtodo?疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+be+goingto+動詞原形?如:Whoisgoingtoplayfootball?五、一般過去時
1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作感謝。2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:⑴am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot=wasn’t)⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=weren’t)⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句:didn’t+動詞原形,如:Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?如:WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?如:Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat
擴展閱讀:牛津小學英語5B語法點歸納 (1)
牛津小學英語5B語法點歸納(1)
1.Like+動名詞如:likeswimming2.Like+名詞的復數(shù)如:likemasks3.go+動名詞如:goclimbing
4.Howmany+名詞復數(shù)如:howmanywatches5.different+名詞復數(shù)如:differentcountries
6.Same前加the,后面一般跟單數(shù),如:thesamehobby7.序數(shù)詞前一定加the,如:thefirstday
8.在幾點用at,如at7o’clock,在某一天或某一天的具體時間段用on,如:onSunday,on
Sundaymorning,直接在早上、下午或晚上用in,如:inthemorning9.動詞后代詞用賓格(動賓)如:joinme
10.介詞后代詞用賓格(介賓)如:withhim,toher
11.wantto+動原,wouldliketo+動原,sorryto+動原,forgetto+動原,it’stimeto+動原,
12.情態(tài)動詞can后面加動原,let后加動原13.祈使句中動詞用原形,否定句在句首加Don’t14.助動詞(dodoesdon’tdoesn’t)后動詞用原形15.形容詞加名詞(形名)如:abeautifulgirl16.動詞加副詞(動副)如:dancebeautifully17.Some用于肯定句,any用于否定句
18.Therebe結構就近原則如:Thereisateacherandsomestudentsintheclassroom.
19.不可數(shù)名詞:watercoffeeteamilkjuicebreadricefoodfruitpaper
chocolateexercisefish
20.樂器前加the,球類前不加the,(playthe樂器,play球類)如:playthepiano,playfootball21.Who當作特殊的第三人稱單數(shù)
1.Listen,Jim__________(sing)anEnglishsonginthemusicroom.
2.WangBing____________(like)(make)modelships.3.I___________(live)inNanJing,butmyfriend(live)inEngland.
4.Myfather(like)(read)newspaper,butmymother(not)5.It’stwoo’clockintheafternoon.We_________(have)anEnglishclassnow.6.Ilike__________(sing),she_________(like)_________(dance).
7.WhatHelenoften(do)attheweekends?Sheoften(catch)insects.8.He__________(donot)want(eat)breadforbreakfast.
9.I_______(have)afriend.Hername______(be)Susan.She_____(like)singinganddancing10.__________YangLing(have)(some)hobbies?Yes,she.11.Where(be)HelenandTomfrom?They(be)from
(American)?
12.Sheusually__________(go)shoppingwithhermother.
13.What’s(Nancy)hobby?She(like)(grow)flowers.
14.MrSmith__________(come)fromAustralia.Hespeaks(England).15.Look,They__________(play)footballintheplayground.
16.__________(do)yoursister(watch)TVeveryday?No,she.17.LiuTaocan(swim)(good).(he)mothercan(dance)(beautiful).18.Ioftengo__________(swim)onSundayafternoon.Butmymother(go)(shop)19.(Nancy)parents(be)from(Japanese).They’reJapanese(visit).
20.Howmany(child)arethereinyourclass?There(be)thirty.21.Achicken(have)two(foot).22.I’dlike__________(buy)some(peach)inthesupermarket.23.Let(we)(help)(she)with(she)homework.24.We__________(want)(go)(fish).
25.__________you__________(skate)now?No,I(write)ane-mailto(I)friend.
26.There(be)somemilkinthebottle.
27.There(be)some(butterfly)and(dragonfly)inthepark.
28.What(be)(you)mother(do)now?She(cook)inthekitchen.
29.Iwantto__________(buy)someinterestingbooksatthebookshop
30.There(be)some(knife)and(fork)inthecupboard.
31.I(like)(ski).Ican(ski)(good).
32.LiuTaoandWangBingusually__________(run)afterschool.Look,they(run)intheplayground.
33.Thisis(she)book.Those(be)(they)(book).34.Today(be)(teacher)Day.These(card)arefor(they).35.Iwant__________(write)alettertomyfriend.Heis(Australia).36.(be)there(some)breadinthefridge?No,there.37.Todayisthe__________(one)dayofthenewterm.
38.Thereany(student)intheclassroom.They(paly)volleyballnow.39.MumandI__________(have)(same)hobby.40.Shallwe__________(go)tothecinemabybike?Allright.
41.________(do)yourfriends(visit)yourfamilyeveryweek?No,they__________(do).42.What_(be)oneplusfour?It’sfive.
43.show(they)how(darw)firefly)44.Who(be)ondutytoday?附加題:Where(be)mygloves?They(be)therejustnow.Ican’tfind(it).
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